Reconstruction algorithm for tunneling ionization with a perturbation for the time-domain observation of an electric-field

Abstract We present a reconstruction algorithm developed for the temporal characterization method called tunneling ionization with perturbation time-domain observation of an electric field (TIPTOE). The considers high-order contribution additional laser pulse to ionization, enabling use intense pulse. Therefore, signal-to-noise ratio TIPTOE measurement is improved by at least one order magnitude compared first-order approximation. In addition, provides information regarding envelope. was tested yields obtained solving time-dependent Schrödinger equation. optimal conditions accurate were analyzed. also using experimental data few-cycle pulses. reconstructed pulses under different dispersion exhibited good consistency. These results confirm validity and accuracy process.